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Venice is built on 117 small islands and has approximately
150 canals and 409 bridges. The historic centre of the city
is divided into six sestieri (quarters): San Marco, Dorsoduro,
San Polo, Santa Croce, Cannaregio and Castello. The
'main street' in Venice is the Grand Canal , which passes
each of the districts and stretches from the railway station
to San Marco.
The heart of the city is St Mark's Square . Napoleon
dubbed it the 'finest drawing room in Europe '. There is
a constant carnival atmosphere thanks to the cacophony of
pigeons, cafe orchestras and constant traffic of waiters
serving diners. St Mark's Square is located in one of the
lowest parts of the city, so is always the first to be covered
in water when the acqua alta (high tide) arrives. The two
columns on the square are decorated with symbols of the city's
patron saints: the winged lion of St Mark and the figure
of St Theodore.
The city is famous for its countless canals and ancient
palaces.
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St.Mark's Square was
called "the drawing
room of the world" by Musset. It has been the scene
of some of the most important religious and political activities
of the Serenissima as well as the center of Venetian social
life for almost a millennium. At first the Square was limited
to the parvis of the Basilica, because of the presence of
a canal, "Rio Batario", which divided the present
Square in two parts.
The part of the Square now between the
Procuratie, was once the vegetable garden of S.Zaccaria
monastery with S.Geminiano church in the middle. The present
shape of the Square was established in the XII century, for
the meeting of Pope Alexander III and the Emperor Barbarossa
by filling in Rio Batario and the dock.
A small new Square
was built with the columns of S.Marco and S.Todaro, the
city's patron saints, overlooking St. Mark's Basin. The alteration
of the Square was all done over the course of one century,
adapting to the growing power and wealth of Venice. The
present form reflects the works of many famous architects
such as Sansovino, Longhena, Scamozzi, Rizzo and Tirani.
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The Palazzo Ducale (Doge's Palace) got its present form
after radical changing during the 14th and 16th century.
It was the Doge's residence and at the same time seat of
many different political and social institutions. The first
floor was occupied by minor institutions, such as the Avogaria
or lawyers offices, where law cases were examined; the
Chancellery; the Censors and Provveditori della Milizia del
Mar (Naval Offices) which oversaw the care and equipping
of ships.
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Accademia Gallery is the Venice greatest art gallery, founded
in 1750, housing superb collection of Venetian painting spanning
over five centuries. Masterpieces by Venice's painters adorn
its walls, the highlight of which include Giovanni Bellini's "Madonna
Enthroned" and Carpaccio's "The Presentation".
Many of the masterpieces were taken from churches and monasteries
to enrich the art gallery.
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Santa Maria dei Frari is a Franciscan church in Venice,
originally built in the mid-13th century but rebuilt in Gothic
style in the 15th century. This important example of Venetian
Gothic ecclesiastical architecture (often referred to simply
as the Frari) contains many masterpieces of Venetian Renaissance
art, notably Giovanni Bellini's triptych "Madonna and
Child with Saints" (1488) and the "Assumption" (1516-18)
and "Pesaro Madonna" (1519-26) by Titian, who is
buried in the church.
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Marco Polo is the International airport was named after
the Venetian traveller Marco Polo. It's only in is 9 kilometres
(5.6 miles) north of the city and it is used by all major
airlines. The Piazzale Roma is just 20 minutes away by land
taxi or airport bus, and the Lido, the Piazza San Marco,
and other locations in the historic center are easy to reach.
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Venice S. Lucia is the main rail
station: on average, 82
thousand daily passengers cross the station, totalling 30
million yearly. The projecting study of Venice's main
station has had a troubled life before arriving to a definitive
solution. Architect Angiolo Mazzoni was the first to formulate
a project in 1924: with his studies lasting over 15 years,
Mazzoni presented numerous projects with as many variations.
1934 saw the calling of a contest assigning the building
of the railway station: Architect Virgilio Vallot won, the
project was to remain in stand-by until Minister Benni granted
the construction of the front building to the Vallot - Mazzoni
duo until 1936 while the Departmental building was Mazzoni's
exclusive job. The definitive solution was to be approved
and accomplished after WWII by FS internal architect Paolo
Perilli in 1950.
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